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“Preloved” Dogs For Sale

I belong to the Dalmatian lovers preloved dogs free to good home ! Facebook group where we are affected by blemishes to share photos , videos and stories of our Dallys free dogs  to good home . A few days ago , a member issued a notice of " Preloved " battersea dogs home for a female six months in the UK deaf Dalmatian preloved dogs free to good home . One photo showed a dog in a kennel outside dirty neglected . A local Good Samaritan asked about it and was horrified to learn that the seller had many other dogs in a situation similar sales battersea dogs  home .
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Dogs for Defense

A marine takes a nap on Iwo Jima, guarded by his scout dog

Unlike many other countries, when the United States entered World War II, they didn’t have a canine corps. But the military came to believe that dogs would prove an asset, so in March 1942 a war dog program was introduced. Since they were already at war, the military needed a large number of dogs right away, so they asked Americans to volunteer their pet dogs for service.
In the beginning, they accepted almost any kind of medium- to larger-size dog—around 30 different breeds. But as they worked with the dogs, the military found that some breeds were better for service than others and limited the accepted breeds to mostly German Shepherds, Belgian Sheep Dogs, Doberman Pinschers, Farm Collies, Giant Schnauzers, and mutts that were predominantly any of those breeds. Americans volunteered almost 20,000 of their beloved pets, but only about half of that number were accepted and trained. Of the trained dogs, only around 2,000 of them were finally sent overseas; the rest were used stateside.

Servicemen and their war dogs

The vast majority of dogs the military accepted were trained as sentry dogs. These dogs were used as guard dogs at airfields, depots, industrial plants, and so on. Almost one-third (about 3,000) of dogs trained for sentry duty were used by the coast guard to patrol and guard the shoreline. Sentry dogs worked on a leash with a military handler and had to be aggressive and moderately smart; they were trained to attack only if they were ordered to or if their handler was threatened.
The best-known dogs trained by the military were scout dogs. Scout dogs, along with their handlers, went ahead of patrols to detect if there were any enemy nearby and were trained to silently alert their handlers if they detected anyone. Scout dogs were especially helpful in the jungles of the South Pacific, and they were so good at what they did, that patrols with scout dogs had far fewer casualties than those without.
There were three other types of dogs trained by the military, but they were used less than sentry and scout dogs. Sled and pack dogs were used in snowy areas. Mine detection dogs were used to try to locate mines, but when they were tested in North Africa, they weren’t found to be very effective. Messenger dogs were trained to trust two different handlers so that the dogs would be able to carry messages from one man to the other across difficult or dangerous terrain or when other communications systems were down.

Stereotypes and Breeds of Dog

Photo: dezi / Shutterstock

Can social psychological theories of stereotypes about people also explain people’s attitudes and stereotypes of different breeds of dog? That’s the fascinating question posed in a new study by Tracey Clarke, Jonathan Cooper and Daniel Mills of the University of Lincoln.

Some jurisdictions have breed-specific legislation that bans particular breeds of dog, usually those of pit bull type. This includes the UK, where this study took place. Stories of attacks by this kind of dog also often get significant media attention. One question behind this research is whether people’s beliefs about certain breeds of dog are influenced by stereotypes.

The “contact hypothesis” is a well-known and well-tested idea in social psychology. It says that our attitudes towards other groups of people – such as those of a different race to ourselves – are influenced by contact with that group. In particular, if people have positive contact with members of another group then their attitudes to that group are very likely to improve. One interesting thing is that it does not even have to be actual contact – imagined contact (such as imagining a positive first meeting with a stranger) is enough to bring about a change in attitudes (Crisp and Turner, 2009).

If applied to dogs, we might expect that people with less contact with dogs would be more likely to believe stereotypes about the behaviour of particular breeds.

Although there is some evidence for breed-specific behavioural traits there is also wide variation, with some studies finding that breed type is more important, and that differences within a breed are very large. People who are more knowledgeable about dogs might be more aware that behaviour is not just influenced by genetics. For example, they might know the importance of early socialization for puppies, know more about dog training, and have a better understanding of the consequences of abuse and neglect.

The researchers developed a questionnaire that assessed people’s level of contact with dogs in three ways: how many dogs they lived with (0, 1, 2 or more); the role that dogs played in their life (e.g. pet, family member, or no role at all); and the amount of knowledge they said they had about dogs. Of these, they expected the last one to be the least useful, since it is difficult for people without much knowledge to accurately assess how much they know (or don’t know).

The questionnaire also asked about people’s attitudes regarding the link between dog breed and behaviour. One hundred and sixty-six people took part, most of them from the Greater London area in the UK. The researchers used a sampling method designed to get participants who had different experiences with dogs, and to include men as well as women (it is much harder to recruit men than women for this kind of study and so they deliberately included a soccer team in their target audience).

The majority of participants (57%) were dog owners and 41% were not dog owners. The role that a dog played in people’s lives was family member (43%), pet (16%) or ‘no role’ (27%). The reason the numbers don’t quite add up is because some participants did not answer this question. In terms of knowledge, 63% said they were knowledgeable and/or experienced about dogs. 

The results found a link between people’s knowledge about dogs and their assessment of a link between breed and behaviour. In particular, people who said they were knowledgeable about dogs were more likely to disagree with the statement that “some breeds of dog are more aggressive than others”, and to disagree that “there are sound and valid reasons for breed-specific legislation”.

There was a link between ownership of dogs and attitudes, in particular to the two statements mentioned above. Also, people who said the role of dogs in their life was ‘family’ were more likely to disagree with these statements than those who said a dog was a ‘pet’ or had ‘no role’ in their life. They were also less likely to agree that a dog’s appearance is linked to its behaviour.

This suggests that the contact hypothesis can also be applied to people’s relationships with dogs. The authors say, “Those with little experience of dogs …are more likely to have stereotypical images of breeds, as are those for whom the dog occupies a more instrumental role in their life (as a pet rather than a family member)”.

As the scientists note, stereotypes about breeds could become self-fulfilling, as people avoid certain types of dog and those dogs therefore have a different social environment than other dogs for which such stereotypes don’t exist. The contact hypothesis also says that people will generalize to others who look similar to a particular group. In terms of dogs, this means that attitudes towards bull breeds could be generalized to other dogs that are also short-haired and muscly.

The researchers say “The image of the muscular and powerfully built bull terrier type appears to have entered the public consciousness as the stereotype of a dangerous dog that poses a threat to public safety, despite such a generalization being scientifically unsound. The negative labelling of breeds such as the American Pit Bull Terrier and other breeds of similar appearance leads to simplistic social perceptions of their behavior.”

Although this is a fairly small survey, it opens up a very promising line for future research to investigate perceptions about aggressive behaviour in dogs. It also shows that people’s knowledge about dogs in general is important in shaping their beliefs about BSL. This study used a relatively simple classification of knowledge and contact; having demonstrated that it makes a difference, future research could look more closely at these variables.

Some owners of so-called ‘status' dogs are very keen to improve attitudes towards certain breeds. See, for example, the wonderful work of Your Pit Bull and You in changing stereotypes about both pit bulls and dog training. The results of this research suggest that positive contact with any kind of dog will have an effect on people’s attitudes towards Breed Specific Legislation.

Pit Bull Owner Fights Miami City Hall

 
     MIAMI (CN) - A disabled man sued Miami-Dade County for the right to keep his service dog, Lucky, a pit bull - a breed that the city and county have seen fit to ban under threat of death.
     Miami-Dade County has fined Felix Conde $10,715 for keeping his service dog, and threatened kill Lucky and to put a lien on Conde's property if he doesn't pay, Conde says in his federal lawsuit.
     He had to exile Lucky from the county, as its law allows Miami-Dade County to kill the dog if it stays there.
     Conde claims he is a disabled person under the Americans with Disabilities Act. His doctor prescribed him Lucky, who can tell when Conde is about suffer a spasm from obstructive airway disease. Lucky then runs and fetches an inhaler for him.
     Pit bulls, like many dog breeds, inspire fanatical devotion in some owners, who claim, with evidence, that the dogs are gentle and friendly. It's bad owners that make bad dogs, they say.
     Be that as it may, in 1989 Miami-Dade County enacted an ordinance giving pit bull owners 90 days to register their dogs. After those 90 days, "No pit bull dogs may be sold, purchased, obtained, brought into Miami-Dade County, or otherwise acquired by residents of Miami-Dade County," according to the ordinance, which Conde cites in his lawsuit.
     Lucky has no history of aggression, Conde says. Nonetheless, "Miami-Dade County issued a citation and order against Mr. Conde, demanding that Lucky be removed from the jurisdiction, and imposing a fine upon Mr. Conde. Pending this action, Mr. Conde has removed Lucky from Miami-Dade County."
     Miami's law authorizes a new fine for each day a pit bull is present in the county, and "humane destruction of the pit bull dog."
     Miami-Dade fined Conde $715 in February. In May, it gave him 10 days to send Lucky into exile under threat of death, and in July it fined him another $10,000, and threatened to put a lien on his property if he didn't pay within 30 days.
     Conde was represented by counsel at all three hearings.
     After the third hearing, seven police officers, in three cars, "forcibly entered" Conde's home at 6 a.m., while his children were sleeping, to search for Lucky. Conde claims the abusive search made one of his kids cry, and accomplished nothing but "instilling great fear" in the children, his live-in companion, and Conde himself.
     "Mr. Conde's fear was exacerbated by the absence of Lucky at his side," Conde says in the complaint.
     Finally, in June, on returning from another county where he had gone to visit Lucky, Conde was in "a catastrophic motor vehicle accident," in which he broke both arms or wrists, both his lungs collapsed, he suffered facial fractures, head injuries and swelling of the brain, tore knee ligaments, and had to be place in a medically induced coma "for several months."
     Conde is still hospitalized. "But for the defendant's conduct, Mr. Conde would never have been required to travel out of Miami-Dade County to be with his service animal," Conde says in the lawsuit. "Even in the hospital, Mr. Conde suffers from the absence of Lucky."
     He claims Miami-Dade County's law violates the American with Disabilities Act, and the Constitution.
     He seeks declaratory judgment and an injunction stating that "the ordinance is pre-empted by the ADA and must be declared as a matter of law to be unenforceable due to its inconsistency with the ADA."
     He wants the threat of his citation and fine enjoined, attorney's fees, and Miami-Dade County required "to permit Lucky's return."
     He is represented by Andy Dogali, of Tampa.

3 of 'The Dogs of the Dow' are Warren Buffett Stocks: Time to Buy?

XOM

Stocks owned by legendary investor Warren Buffett are not generally associated with the word "dog."
But his biggest holding, Coca-Cola (NYSE: KO [FREE Stock Trend Analysis]), and two others, IBM (NYSE: IBM) and Exxon Mobil (NYSE: XOM), are among the worst performing stocks on the Dow Jones Industrial Average this year.
As such, each is a "Dog of the Dow," the moniker for the bowsers that underperformed the other members of the esteemed index of 30 highly-regarded, publicly-traded companies. That naturally raises the question for all investors of, "Is it time to buy?"
Due to the bull market, all fell far short of the performance of the exchange-traded fund for the Dow Jones Industrial Average, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average (NYSE: DIA) which is up nearly 25 percent for 2012.
Related: 3 Stocks to Profit from Emerging Consumer Markets
Coca-Cola led the Dogs of the Dow owned by Buffett, up more than 13 percent for the year. Over the same period, Exxon Mobil has pumped higher by just over 13 percent, with a significant recent jump due to the announcement of Buffett's buy of 40 million shares. IBM has fallen by more than 2.5 percent since the first of the year.
Another legendary investor, Shelby Davis, used to reply, when asked about the best time to buy stocks, "When you have the money."
Long-term investors should look upon the performance of these stocks as an opportunity to buy, if they "have the money."
It is impossible to time the market. Each is a well-run company with excellent management and a solid brand (if not, Buffett would not own millions of shares of each), which makes any period a good time to buy. For the long term, each also has a formidable "economic moat" that "The Oracle of Omaha" looks for in an investment. That is the set of assets that protect a business from competition and time.
For the long-term investor, Coca-Cola, Exxon Mobil and IBM should prove to be solid buys. Each pays a dividend with a history of growth, which will add to the total return over time. Buying shares of companies owned by Warren Buffett that are trailing the market should be a profitable strategy for the years ahead

Medical Treatment for Dogs

Dogs often seem to have limitless energy and robust constitutions, but don't let this fool you: they are susceptible to all sorts of maladies, ranging from mild to life-threatening. That's why it pays to have a relationship with a dependable, reassuring veterinarian (to ensure good treatment and quick treatment in an emergency), and to follow wise guidelines for dog-owners, which include regular checkups for your pooch and building your own store of knowledge about canine maladies, to catch treatable diseases early. Yes, dogs are energetic and robust by nature, but it's your job to help keep them that way. In this article, you will find tips to help you do just that, including:

Choosing a Veterinarian

Choosing a Veterinarian You don't have to take Fido to the nearest vet, and you never have to use a vet whose manner doesn't make you and your dog comfortable. Here are tips on finding the right veterinarian for both of you, including questions you can ask friends in order to get a strong word-of-mouth reference. We will also help you tell the difference between a problem with your dog that will clear up on its own and a major situation that needs to be seen by the vet right away.

Dog Disease Basics

Modern medicine has made dogs' lives much more pleasant, and longer for sure. But there are illnesses that will always be part of dog life, and these are made more threatening because dogs often come in contact with other animals, which can transmit diseases to them. In fact, there are some diseases that can be transmitted from dog to man. So you need to be familiar with diseases such as rabies, distemper and others, in order to prevent them or catch them early in your own dog.

Dog Illness Warning Signs

A dog owner can usually tell when their pet is not feeling well, but how do they know when the problem is serious? In this section we discuss many general signs that your dog could be ill. Ears and coat, energy level, eating habits and stool habits -- all of these can give signs that your dog is under the weather or seriously ill. This section is a must-read for any dog owner, as it also includes an extensive checklist of visible signs of illness in a dog. We suggest you print this out and keep it handy.

Preventive Health Care for Dogs

How often should your dog have a routine physical exam? More often than you think. Are you absolutely sure your dog has had all of her vaccinations? What about neutering and spaying? Did you know that it can lengthen your dog's lifespan considerably? In this section we cover many important facets of preventive health in dogs. If you're careful about yourself this way, you should extend the same care to your dog.

Alternative Treatments for Dogs

Just as human medicine has made many huge advancements in alternative medicine, so has canine medicine, in areas like acupuncture, chiropractic care, herbal treatments, homeopathy, massage and other kinds of non-standard medicine. Many of these are treatments you can provide yourself, which can foster good feelings in both you and your dog. Other treatments may require the expertise of the specialist, but can be just as beneficial. In this section, we cover alternative treatments for illness and natural ways to help keep your dog healthy.
Let's get started with the most important health care considerations for your dog -- choosing a veterinarian. We will give you some guidelines for choosing a vet in the next section and tell you when to seek their advice.